(2003) used poroelasticity theory (Biot, 1941) to generalize several of these methods using a parameter dependent on the dry rock V P /V S ratio.
These methods use linearized approximations to the Zoeppritz equations to extract physical parameters such as P-impedance, S-impedance, density, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Lamé's parameters and Poisson's ratio, and then infer the fluid content of a hydrocarbon reservoir from these parameters. Numerous approaches have been published that derive fluid indicators, often called direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHI), from the amplitude variations with offset (AVO) method.
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